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SuperKEKB is an asymmetric energy electron positrion collider currently under commissioning in Japan. It aims to achieve a record high luminosity of 8 × 10 cm−2 s−1, for which accurate control of β y is needed. The advanced final focus system is also relevant for studies related to future linear colliders, which similarly need to achieve very small beam sizes. To work for SuperKEKB, the K modulation technique is generalized to allow known quadrupole fields between the modulated magnets and the interaction point. Initial measurements taken in HER agree with simulations, and show that K modulation is suitable for measuring the minimum of the β function at the interaction point within 1%, however it is too uncertain to be used for measuring the displacement of the beam waist away from the interaction point. In addition, tune shift equations for a modulated quadrupole are derived without assuming a thin lens perturbation, giving a simple method to calculate the tune shift to second order in the quadrupole strength modulation.

physical review. accelerators and beams

Measuring <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> in SuperKEKB with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>K</mml:mi></mml:math> modulation

Measuring β* in SuperKEKB with K modulation