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Motivated by recent experiments, we model the dynamics of bright solitonsformed by cold gases in quasi-1D traps. A dynamical variational ansatz capturesthe far-from equilibrium excitations of these solitons. Due to a separation ofscales, the radial and axial modes decouple, allowing for closed-formapproximations for the dynamics. We explore how soliton dynamics influence atomloss, and find that the time-averaged loss is largely insensitive to the degreeof excitation. The variational approach enables us to perform high precisioncalculations of the critical atom number (ie. the maximum number of atoms thatcan exist in a single soliton before the attractive forces overwhelm quantumpressure, leading to collapse).

Collective Dynamics and Atom Loss in Bright Soliton Matter Waves