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We clarify the optimal conditions for the protocol of Raman sideband cooling(RSC) of a single atom confined with a tightly focused far-off-resonant opticaldipole trap (optical tweezers). The protocol ultimately pursues cooling to athree-dimensional ground state of the confining potential. We show that the RSCprotocol has to fulfil a set of critical requirements for the parameters ofcooling beams and the excitation geometry to be effective in a most generalthree-dimensional confguration and for an atom, having initial temperaturebetween the recoil and the Doppler bounds. We perform a numerical simulation ofthe Raman passage for an example of an $^{85}$Rb atom taking into account thefull level structure and all possible transition channels.

Raman sideband cooling of a single atom in an optical dipole trap: Towards theoretical optimum in a three-dimensional regime