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A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a quantum phase of matter achieved at lowtemperatures. Photons, one of the most prominent species of bosons, do nottypically condense due to the lack of a particle number-conservation. Werecently described a photon thermalization mechanism which gives rise to agrand canonical ensemble of light with effective photon number conservationbetween a subsystem and a particle reservoir. This mechanism occurs duringDoppler laser cooling of atoms where the atoms serve as a temperature reservoirwhile the cooling laser photons serve as a particle reservoir. Here we addressthe question of the possibility of a BEC of photons in this laser coolingphoton thermalization scenario and theoretically demonstrate that a Bosecondensation of photons can be realized by cooling an ensemble of two-levelatoms (realizable with alkaline earth atoms) inside a Fabry-Perot cavity.

Bose Condensation of Photons Thermalized via Laser Cooling of Atoms