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We describe a method to hyperpolarize 3He nuclear spins at high magneticfields (4.7 Tesla) solely by a magnetized plasma. The conditions for such amagnetized plasma are fulfilled when the mean free path of the free electronsis much larger than their gyration radius in the rf gas discharge.Investigations are carried out in the 1-15 mbar pressure range with rfexcitation at ~100 MHz. Quantitative NMR measurements show that for differentcell sizes and 3He densities nuclear polarizations in the range 1% to 9% areobserved. We explain this phenomenon by an alignment-to-orientation conversionmechanism in the excited 2 3P state of 3He which is most efficient when theZeeman and the spin-orbit energies are comparable. The method appears as a veryattractive alternative to established laser polarization techniques (spinexchange or metastability exchange optical pumping). Application to 3He nuclearmagnetometry with a relative precision of 10-12 is demonstrated.

Nuclear hyperpolarization of 3He by magnetized plasmas