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We explore the suitability of ultracold collisions between spin-polarizedSrF($^2\Sigma^+$) molecules and Rb($^2$S) atoms as elementary steps for thesympathetic cooling of SrF($^2\Sigma^+$) molecules in a magnetic trap. To thisend, we carry out quantum mechanical scattering calculations on ultracoldRb+SrF collisions in a magnetic field based on an accurate potential energysurface for the triplet electronic state of Rb-SrF developed ab initio using aspin-restricted coupler cluster method with single, double and noniterativetriple excitations [RCCSD(T)]. The Rb-SrF interaction has a global minimum witha well depth of 3444 cm$^{-1}$ in a bent geometry and a shallow local minimumin the linear geometry. Despite such a strong and anisotropic interaction, wefind that converged close-coupling scattering calculations on Rb+SrF collisionsin a magnetic field are still possible using rotational basis sets including upto 125 closed rotational channels in the total angular momentum representation.Our calculations show that electronic spin relaxation in fully spin-polarizedRb-SrF collisions occurs much more slowly than elastic scattering over a widerange of magnetic fields (1-1000 G) and collision energies ($10^{-5}-10^{-3}$K) suggesting good prospects of sympathetic cooling of laser-cooledSrF($^2\Sigma^+$) molecules with spin-polarized Rb($^2$S) atoms in a magnetictrap. We show that incoming $p$-wave scattering plays a significant role inultracold collisions due to the large reduced mass of the Rb-SrF collisionpair. The calculated magnetic field dependence of the inelastic cross sectionsat 1.4 $\mu$K displays a rich resonance structure including a low-field$p$-wave resonance, which suggests that external magnetic fields can be used toenhance the efficiency of sympathetic cooling in heavy atom-molecule mixtures.

Atom-molecule collisions, spin relaxation, and sympathetic cooling in an ultracold spin-polarized Rb($^2\mathrm{S}$)-SrF$(^2\Sigma^+)$ mixture