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Rapidly scanning magnetic and optical dipole traps have been widely utilisedto form time-averaged potentials for ultracold quantum gas experiments. Here wetheoretically and experimentally characterise the dynamic properties ofBose-Einstein condensates in ring-shaped potentials that are formed by scanningan optical dipole beam in a circular trajectory. We find that unidirectionalscanning leads to a non-trivial phase profile of the condensate that can beapproximated analytically using the concept of phase imprinting. While thephase profile is not accessible through in-trap imaging, time-of-flightexpansion manifests clear density signatures of an in-trap phase step in thecondensate, coincident with the instantaneous position of the scanning beam.The phase step remains significant even when scanning the beam at frequenciestwo orders of magnitude larger than the characteristic frequency of the trap.We map out the phase and density properties of the condensate in the scanningtrap, both experimentally and using numerical simulations, and find excellentagreement. Furthermore, we demonstrate that bidirectional scanning eliminatedthe phase gradient, rendering the system more suitable for coherent matter waveinterferometry.

Phase and micromotion of Bose-Einstein condensates in a time-averaged ring trap