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Frequent measurements can modify the decay of an unstable quantum state withrespect to the free dynamics given by Fermi's golden rule. In a landmarkarticle, Nature 405, 546 (2000), Kofman and Kurizki concluded that in quantumdecay processes, acceleration of the decay by frequent measurements, called thequantum anti-Zeno effect (AZE), appears to be ubiquitous, while itscounterpart, the quantum Zeno effect, is unattainable. However, up to now therehave been no experimental observations of the AZE for atomic radiative decay(spontaneous emission) in free space. In this work, making use of analyticalresults available for hydrogen-like atoms, we find that in free space, onlynon-electric-dipolar transitions should present an observable AZE, revealingthat this effect is consequently much less ubiquitous than first predicted. Wethen propose an experimental scheme for AZE observation, involving the electricquadrupole transition between D 5/2 and S 1/2 in the heaviest alkali-earth ionsCa + and Sr +. The proposed protocol is based on the STIRAP technique whichacts like a dephasing quasi-measurement.

Conditions for anti-Zeno effect observation in free-space atomic radiative decay