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We present the derivation of the frequency dependent scalar, vector, andtensor dynamical polarizabilities for the two hyperfine levels of the 87Rb atom5s ground state. Based on the characterization of the dynamicalpolarizabilities, we analyze and measure the differential vector and tensorlight shift between the 5s ground state sub-levels with near-resonant,stimulated Raman transitions. These results clarify that the tensorpolarizabilities for the ground states of alkali atoms are absent when thelight field is far-detuned from the atomic resonance and the total electronicangular momentum J is a good quantum number. In the near resonant case, thelight shifts are non-trivial and the determination of the frequency dependentvector and tensor dynamic polarizabilities will help to achieve higherfidelities for applications of neutral atoms in quantum information andprecision measurements.

Observation of vector and tensor light shifts in 87Rb using near-resonant, stimulated Raman spectroscopy