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Presently, classical optical communication systems employing strong laserpulses and quantum key distribution (QKD) systems working at single-photonlevels are very different communication modalities. Dedicated devices arecommonly required to implement QKD. In this paper, we propose a scheme whichallows classical communication and QKD to be implemented simultaneously usingthe same communication infrastructure. More specially, we propose a coherentcommunication scheme where both the bits for classical communication and theGaussian distributed random numbers for QKD are encoded on the same weakcoherent pulse, and decoded by the same coherent receiver. Simulation resultsbased on practical system parameters show that both deterministic classicalcommunication with a bit error rate of 10^{-9} and secure key distributioncould be achieved over tens of kilometers single mode fibers. It is conceivablethat in the future coherent optical communication network, QKD is operated inthe background of classical communication at a minimal cost.

Simultaneous classical communication and quantum key distribution using continuous variable