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Nonlinear and nonlocal effects are discussed in the interaction of laserfields with thermal Rydberg atoms in electromagnetically induced transparencyconfiguration. We show that under the crucial approximation that the timevariation in the dipole-dipole interactions due to atomic motions can beneglected in an ensemble average, an analytical form can be obtained for thenonlocal nonlinear atomic response of the thermal medium, and study it fordifferent parameter cases. We further propose a generalized model to describethe modulational instability (MI) in absorptive nonlinear media, in order tounderstand the propagation dynamics in the thermal Rydberg medium.Interestingly, this model predicts that at short propagation distances, eachwave component exhibits the MI effect in absorptive nonlinear media, unlike inthe purely dispersive case.

Nonlocal nonlinear response of thermal Rydberg atoms and modulational instability in absorptive nonlinear media