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We compare the standard 50%-efficient single beam splitter method forBell-state measurement to a proposed 75%-efficient auxiliary-photon-enhancedscheme [W. P. Grice, Phys. Rev. A 84, 042331 (2011)] in light of realisticconditions. The two schemes are compared with consideration for high inputstate photon loss, auxiliary state photon loss, detector inefficiency andcoupling loss, detector dark counts, and non-number-resolving detectors. Wealso analyze the two schemes when multiplexed arrays of non-number-resolvingdetectors are used. Furthermore, we explore the possibility of utilizingspontaneous parametric down-conversion as the auxiliary photon pair sourcerequired by the enhanced scheme. In these different cases, we determine thebounds on the detector parameters at which the enhanced scheme becomes superiorto the standard scheme and describe the impact of the different imperfectionson measurement success rate and discrimination fidelity. This is done using acombination of numeric and analytic techniques. For many of the casesdiscussed, the size of the Hilbert space and the number of measurement outcomescan be very large, which makes direct numerical solutions computationallycostly. To alleviate this problem, all of our numerical computations areperformed using pure states. This requires tracking the loss modes untilmeasurement and treating dark counts as variations on measurement outcomesrather than modifications to the state itself. In addition, we provideapproximate analytic expressions that illustrate the effect of differentimperfections on the Bell-state analyzer quality.

Efficiency of an enhanced linear optical Bell-state measurement scheme with realistic imperfections