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We present a theoretical study of the dissociative tunneling ionizationprocess. Analytic expressions for the nuclear kinetic energy distribution ofthe ionization rates are derived. A particularly simple expression for thespectrum is found by using the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation inconjunction with the reflection principle. These spectra are compared to exactnon-BO ab initio spectra obtained through model calculations with a quantummechanical treatment of both the electronic and nuclear degrees freedom. In theregime where the BO approximation is applicable imaging of the BO nuclear wavefunction is demonstrated to be possible through reverse use of the reflectionprinciple, when accounting appropriately for the electronic ionization rate. Aqualitative difference between the exact and BO wave functions in theasymptotic region of large electronic distances is shown. Additionally thebehavior of the wave function across the turning line is seen to be reminiscentof light refraction. For weak fields, where the BO approximation does notapply, the weak-field asymptotic theory describes the spectrum accurately.

Theory of dissociative tunneling ionization