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We have shown that it is possible to model accurately optical phenomena inintense laser fields by taking into account the intensity distribution over thelaser beam. We developed a theoretical model that divided an intense laser beaminto concentric regions, each with a Rabi frequency that corresponds to theintensity in that region, and solved a set of coupled optical Bloch equationsfor the density matrix in each region. Experimentally obtained magneto-opticalresonance curves for the $F_g=2\longrightarrow F_e=1$ transition of the $D_1$line of $^{87}$Rb agreed very well with the theoretical model up to a laserintensity of around 200 mW/cm$^2$ for a transition whose saturation intensityis around 4.5 mW/cm$^2$. We have studied the spatial dependence of thefluorescence intensity in an intense laser beam experimentally andtheoretically. An experiment was conducted whereby a broad, intense pump laserexcited the $F_g=4\longrightarrow F_e=3$ transition of the $D_2$ line of cesiumwhile a weak, narrow probe beam scanned the atoms within the pump beam andexcited the $D_1$ line of cesium, whose fluorescence was recorded as a functionof probe beam position. Experimentally obtained spatial profiles of thefluorescence intensity agreed qualitatively with the predictions of the model.

Spatial dynamics of laser-induced fluorescence in an intense laser beam: experiment and theory in alkali metal atoms