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We describe a simple experimental apparatus for laser ablation of bariummonohydride (BaH) molecules and the study of their rovibrational spectra thatare relevant to direct laser cooling. We present a detailed analysis of theproperties of ablation plumes that can improve the understanding of surfaceablation and deposition technologies. A range of absorption spectroscopy andcollisional thermalization regimes has been studied. We directly measured theFranck-Condon factor of the$\mathrm{B}^2\Sigma^+(v'=0)\leftarrow\mathrm{X}^2\Sigma^+(v"=1)$ transition.Prospects for production of a high luminosity cryogenic BaH beam are outlined.This molecule is a promising candidate for laser cooling and ultracoldfragmentation, both of which are precursors to novel experiments in many-bodyphysics and precision measurement.

BaH molecular spectroscopy with relevance to laser cooling