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Photoelectron momentum distributions (PMDs) of the hydrogen atom driven by multicycle elliptically polarized strong laser fields are studied in detail, based on the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and the Volkov wave propagation. Both short and long driving pulses of the 800-nm field are considered, as well as the ellipticity dependence, to describe the mechanism of symmetry breaking in the hydrogen-atom PMD. Moreover, we demonstrate that the value of a retardation angle in the longitudinal PMD can depend on the order of above-threshold ionization spectra.

Photoelectron momentum distributions of the hydrogen atom driven by multicycle elliptically polarized laser pulses