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We propose a multilevel quantum heat engine with a working medium describedby a generalized Rabi model which consists of a two-level system coupled to asingle mode bosonic field. The model is constructed to be a continuum limit ofa quantum biological description of light harvesting complexes so that it canamplify quantum coherence by a mechanism which is a quantum analog of classicalHuygen's clocks. The engine operates in quantum Otto cycle where the workingmedium is coupled to classical heat baths in the isochoric processes of thefour stroke cycle; while either the coupling strength or the resonancefrequency is changed in the adiabatic stages. We found that such an engine canproduce work with an efficiency close to Carnot bound when it operates at lowtemperatures and in the ultrastrong coupling regime. Interplay of quantumcoherence and quantum correlations on the engine performance is discussed interms of second order coherence, quantum mutual information and logarithmicnegativity of entanglement. We point out that the proposed quantum Otto enginecan be implemented experimentally with the modern circuit quantumelectrodynamic systems where flux qubits can be coupled ultrastrongly tosuperconducting transmission line resonators.

Rabi model as a quantum coherent heat engine: From quantum biology to superconducting circuits