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We demonstrate accurate phase measurement from low photon level interferencedata using a constrained optimization method that takes into account theexpected redundancy in the unknown phase function. This approach is shown tohave significant noise advantage over traditional methods such as balancedhomodyning or phase shifting that treat individual pixels in the interferencedata as independent of each other. Our interference experiments comparing theoptimization method with the traditional phase shifting method show that whenthe same photon resources are used, the optimization method provides phaserecoveries with tighter error bars. In particular, RMS phase error performanceof the optimization method for low photon number data (10 photons per pixel)shows $>$ 5X noise gain over the phase shifting method. In our experimentswhere a laser light source is used for illumination, the results imply phasemeasurement with accuracy better than the conventional single pixel based shotnoise limit (SNL) that assumes independent phases at individual pixels. Theconstrained optimization approach presented here is independent of the natureof light source and may further enhance the accuracy of phase detection when anonclassical light source is used.

Multipixel sub-shot noise phase measurement with classical light interferometry