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We propose a method for efficiently harnessing the quadratic optical responseof two-dimensional graphene-like materials by theoretically investigatingsecond harmonic generation from a current biased sheet placed within a planaractive microcavity. We show that, by tuning the cavity to resonate at thesecond harmonic frequency, a highly efficient frequency doubling process isachieved (several order of magnitude more efficient than the free-standingsheet). The efficiency of the process is not due to phase-matching, which isforbidden by the localization of the nonlinear quadratic response on thetwo-dimensional atomic layered material, but it stems from the interplaybetween the two-dimensional planar geometry of the nonlinear medium and thefield oscillation within the active cavity near its threshold. The suggestedmethod can easily be extended to different waves interactions andnonlinearities and therefore it can represent a basic tool for efficientlyexploiting nonlinear optical properties of two-dimensional materials.

Harnessing quadratic optical response of two-dimensional materials through active microcavities