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A single photon prepared in a time-energy state described by a frequency combcombines the extreme precision of energy defined by a single tooth of the combwith a high sensitivity to small shifts in time defined by the narrowness of asingle pulse in the long sequence of pulses that describe the frequency combstate in the time domain. We show how this simultaneous suppression of time andenergy uncertainties can be described by a separation of scales and comparethis with the suppression of uncertainties in the two particle correlations ofan entangled state. To illustrate the sensitivity of the frequency comb statesto small shifts in time and frequency, we consider the Hong-Ou-Mandel dipsobserved in two-photon interference when both time- and frequency shiftsbetween the input photons are varied. It is shown that the interference of twophotons in equivalent frequency comb states results in a two dimensionalHong-Ou-Mandel dip that is narrow in both time and frequency, while thecorresponding entangled photon pairs are only sensitive to temporal shifts.Frequency comb states thus represent a unique and different approach towardsquantum operations beyond the uncertainty limit.

Simultaneous suppression of time and energy uncertainties in a single-photon frequency comb state