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We demonstrate experimentally the evaporative cooling of a few hundredrubidium 87 atoms in a single-beam microscopic dipole trap. Starting from 800atoms at a temperature of 125microKelvins, we produce an unpolarized sample of40 atoms at 110nK, within 3s. The phase-space density at the end of theevaporation reaches unity, close to quantum degeneracy. The gain in phase-spacedensity after evaporation is 10^3. We find that the scaling laws used for muchlarger numbers of atoms are still valid despite the small number of atomsinvolved in the evaporative cooling process. We also compare our results to asimple kinetic model describing the evaporation process and find good agreementwith the data.

Evaporative cooling of a small number of atoms in a single-beam microscopic dipole trap