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We investigate experimentally the number statistics of a mesoscopic ensembleof cold atoms in a microscopic dipole trap loaded from a magneto-optical trap,and find that the atom number fluctuations are reduced with respect to aPoisson distribution due to light-assisted two-body collisions. For numbers ofatoms N>2, we measure a reduction factor (Fano factor) of 0.72+/-0.07, whichdiffers from 1 by more than 4 standard deviations. We analyze this fact by ageneral stochastic model describing the competition between the loading of thetrap from a reservoir of cold atoms and multi-atom losses, which leads to amaster equation. Applied to our experimental regime, this model indicates anasymptotic value of 3/4 for the Fano factor at large N and in steady state. Wethus show that we have reached the ultimate level of reduction in numberfluctuations in our system.

Sub-Poissonian atom number fluctuations using light-assisted collisions