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We calculated the 4He trimer and tetramer ground and excited states with theLM2M2 potential using our Gaussian expansion method (GEM) for ab initiovariational calculations of few-body systems. The method has extensively beenused for a variety of three-, four- and five-body systems in nuclear physicsand exotic atomic/molecular physics. The trimer (tetramer) wave function isexpanded in terms of symmetric three-(four-)body Gaussian basis functions,ranging from very compact to very diffuse, without assuming any paircorrelation function. Calculated results of the trimer ground and excitedstates are in excellent agreement with the literature. Binding energies of thetetramer ground and excited states are obtained to be 558.98 mK and 127.33 mK(0.93 mK below the trimer ground state), respectively. Precisely the same shapeof the short-range correlation (r_ij < 4 \AA) in the dimer appear in the groundand excited states of the trimer and tetramer. Analyzing the asymptotic wavefunctions (accurate up to 1000 \AA) of those excited states, we propose a modelwhich predicts the binding energy of the first excited state of 4He_N measuredfrom the 4He_{N-1} ground state to be N/2(N-1)xB_2 using dimer binding energyB_2 only; fit in N=3 and 4 is excellent.

Variational calculation of 4He tetramer ground and excited states using a realistic pair potential