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We consider mass-imbalanced two-component Fermi gases for which theunequal-mass atoms interact via a zero-range model potential with a divergings-wave scattering length $a_s$, i.e., with $1/a_s=0$. The high temperaturethermodynamics of the harmonically trapped and homogeneous systems are examinedusing a virial expansion approach up to third order in the fugacity. We findthat the universal part of the third-order virial coefficient associated withtwo light atoms and one heavy atom is negative, while that associated with twoheavy and one light atom changes sign from negative to positive as the massratio $\kappa$ increases, and diverges when Efimov physics sets in at$\kappa=13.61$. By examining the Helmholtz free energy, we find that theequilibrium polarization of the trapped and homogeneous systems is 0 for$\kappa=1$, but finite for $\kappa \ne 1$ (with a majority of heavy particles).Compared to the equilibrium polarization of the non-interacting system, theequilibrium polarization at unitarity is increased for the trapped system anddecreased for the homogeneous system. We find that unequal-mass Fermi gases arestable for all polarizations.

Thermodynamics of the two-component Fermi gas with unequal masses at unitarity