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We investigate scattering process in an ultra-high-Q optical microcavitycoupled to subwavelength scatterers by introducing "splitting quality" Qsp, adimensionless parameter defined as the ratio of the scatterer-induced modesplitting to the total loss of the coupled system. A simple relation isintroduced to directly estimate the Purcell factor from single-shot measurementof transmission spectrum of scatterer-coupled cavity. Experiments withpolystyrene (PS) and gold (Au) nanoparticles, Erbium ions and Influenza Avirions show that Purcell-factor-enhanced preferential funneling of scatteringinto the cavity mode takes place regardless of the scatterer type.Experimentally determined highest Qsp for single PS and Au nanoparticles are9.4 and 16.19 corresponding to Purcell factors with lower bounds of 353 and1049, respectively. The highest observed Qsp was 31.2 for an ensemble of Auparticles. These values are the highest Qsp and Purcell factors reported up todate.

Estimation of Purcell factor from mode-splitting spectra in an optical microcavity