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Dark solitons of ultracold bosons in the vicinity of theMott-insulator--superfluid phase transition are studied. Making use of theGutzwiller ansatz we have found antisymmetric eigenstates corresponding tostanding solitons, as well as propagating solitons created by phase imprinting.Near the phase boundary, superfluidity has either a particle or a holecharacter depending on the system parameters, which greatly affects thecharacteristics of both types of solitons. Within the insulating Mott regions,soliton solutions are prohibited by lack of phase coherence between the latticesites. Linear and modulational stability show that the soliton solutions aresensitive to small perturbations and, therefore, unstable. In general, theirlifetimes differ for on-site and off-site modes. For the on-site modes, thereare small areas between the Mott-insulator regions where the lifetime is verylarge, and in particular much larger than that for the off-site modes.

Dark solitons near the Mott-insulator--superfluid phase transition