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The interaction of intense extreme ultraviolet (XUV) laser pulses($\lambda=32\rm\,nm$, $I=10^{11-14}$\,W/cm$^2$) with small rare-gas clusters(Ar$_{147}$) is studied by quasi-classical molecular dynamics simulations. Ouranalysis supports a very general picture of the charging and heating dynamicsin finite samples under short-wavelength radiation that is of relevance forseveral applications of free-electron lasers. First, up to a certain photonflux, ionization proceeds as a series of direct photoemission events producinga jellium-like cluster potential and a characteristic plateau in thephotoelectron spectrum as observed in [Bostedt {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett.{\bf 100}, 013401 (2008)]. Second, beyond the onset of photoelectron trapping,nanoplasma formation leads to evaporative electron emission with acharacteristic thermal tail in the electron spectrum. A detailed analysis ofthis transition is presented. Third, in contrast to the behavior in theinfrared or low vacuum ultraviolet range, the nanoplasma energy captureproceeds via {\it ionization heating}, i.e., inner photoionization of localizedelectrons, whereas collisional heating of conduction electrons is negligible upto high laser intensities. A direct consequence of the latter is a surprisingevolution of the mean energy of emitted electrons as function of laserintensity.

Ionization heating in rare-gas clusters under intense XUV laser pulses