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The interaction of a two-level atomic ensemble with a quantized single modeelectromagnetic field in the presence of optical collisions (OC) isinvestigated both theoretically and experimentally. The main accent is made onachieving thermal equilibrium for coupled atom-light states (in particulardressed states). We propose a model of atomic dressed state thermalization thataccounts for the evolution of the pseudo-spin Bloch vector components andcharacterize the essential role of the spontaneous emission rate in thethermalization process. Our model shows that the time of thermalization of thecoupled atom-light states strictly depends on the ratio of the detuning and theresonant Rabi frequency. The predicted time of thermalization is in thenanosecond domain and about ten times shorter than the natural lifetime at fulloptical power in our experiment. Experimentally we are investigating theinteraction of the optical field with rubidium atoms in an ultra-high pressurebuffer gas cell under the condition of large atom-field detuning comparable tothe thermal energy in frequency units. In particular, an observed detuningdependence of the saturated lineshape is interpreted as evidence for thermalequilibrium of coupled atom-light states. A significant modification ofsideband intensity weights is predicted and obtained in this case as well.

Thermalization of coupled atom-light states in the presence of optical collisions