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The Casimir-Polder interaction of an atom with a metallic wall isinvestigated in the framework of the Lifshitz theory. It is demonstrated thatin some temperature (separation) region the Casimir-Polder entropy takesnegative values and goes to zero when the temperature vanishes. This result isobtained both for an ideal metal wall and for real metal walls. Simpleanalytical representations for the Casimir-Polder free energy and force arealso obtained. These results are used to make a comparison between thephenomenological potential used in the theoretical description of quantumreflection and exact atom-wall interaction energy, as given by the Lifshitztheory. Computations are performed for the atom of metastable He${}^{\ast}$interacting with metal (Au) and dielectric (Si) walls. It is shown that therelative differences between the exact and phenomenological interactionenergies are smaller in the case of a metallic wall. This is explained by theeffect of negative entropy which occurs only for a metal wall. More accurateatom-wall interaction energies computed here can be used for the interpretationof measurement data in the experiments on quantum reflection.

Lifshitz theory of atom-wall interaction with applications to quantum reflection