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We study the energy distribution of ultrarelativistic electrons produced whena beam of 33 TeV Pb$^{81+}$(1s) ions penetrates a thin Al foil. We show that,because of a prominent role of the excitations of the ions inside the foilwhich becomes possible due to the relativistic time dilatation, the width ofthis distribution can be much narrower compared to the case when the ionsinteract with rarefied gaseous targets. We also show that a very similar shapeof the energy distribution may arise when 33 TeV Pb$^{82+}$ ions penetrate athin Au foil. These results shed some light on the origin of the very narrowelectron energy distributions observed experimentally about a decade ago.

Relativistic time dilatation and the spectrum of electrons emitted by 33 TeV lead ions penetrating thin foils