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In this paper, photonic entanglement and interference are described andanalyzed with the language of quantum information process. Correspondingly, aphoton state involving several degrees of freedom is represented in a newexpression based on the permutation symmetry of bosons. In this expression,each degree of freedom of a single photon is regarded as a qubit and operationson photons as qubit gates. The two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel interference is wellinterpreted with it. Moreover, the analysis reveals the entanglement betweendifferent degrees of freedom in a four-photon state from parametric downconversion, even if there is no entanglement between them in the two-photonstate. The entanglement will decrease the state purity and photon interferencevisibility in the experiments on a four-photon polarization state.

Entanglement and interference between different degrees of freedom of photons states