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Recent work investigating resonant nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR)related to long-lived ($\tau\ts{rel} \sim 1 {\rm s}$) ground-state atomiccoherences has demonstrated potential magnetometric sensitivities exceeding$10^{-11} {\rm G/\sqrt{Hz}}$ for small ($\lesssim 1 {\rm \mu G}$) magneticfields. In the present work, NMOR using frequency-modulated light (FM NMOR) isstudied in the regime where the longitudinal magnetic field is in thegeophysical range ($\sim 500 {\rm mG}$), of particular interest for manyapplications. In this regime a splitting of the FM NMOR resonance due to thenonlinear Zeeman effect is observed. At sufficiently high light intensities,there is also a splitting of the FM NMOR resonances due to ac Stark shiftsinduced by the optical field, as well as evidence of alignment-to-orientationconversion type processes. The consequences of these effects for FM-NMOR-basedatomic magnetometry in the geophysical field range are considered.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light in the geophysical field range