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We construct a projection measurement process for the maximally entangledN-photon state (the NOON-state) with only linear optical elements andphotodetectors. This measurement process will give null result for any N-photonstate that is orthogonal to the NOON state. We examine the projection processin more detail for N=4 by applying it to a four-photon state from type-IIparametric down-conversion. This demonstrates an orthogonal projectionmeasurement with a null result. This null result corresponds to a dip in ageneralized Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer for four photons. We find that thedepth of the dip in this arrangement can be used to distinguish a genuineentangled four-photon state from two separate pairs of photons. We next applythe NOON state projection measurement to a four-photon superposition state fromtwo perpendicularly oriented type-I parametric down-conversion processes. Asuccessful NOON state projection is demonstrated with the appearance of thefour-photon de Broglie wavelength in the interference fringe pattern.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, new title, some content change, replaced Fig.

physical review. a, atomic, molecular, and optical physics/physical review, a, atomic, molecular, and optical physics

Projection measurement of the maximally entangled<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:math>-photon state for a demonstration of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:math>-photon de Broglie wavelength

Projection measurement of the maximally entangledN-photon state for a demonstration of theN-photon de Broglie wavelength