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We study the effect of photothermal fluctuations on squeezed states of lightthrough the photo-refractive effect and thermal expansion in a degenerateoptical parametric amplifier (OPA). We also discuss the effect of thephotothermal noise in various cases and how to minimize its undesirableconsequences. We find that the photothermal noise in the OPA introduces asignificant amount of noise on phase squeezed beams, making them less thanideal for low frequency applications such as gravitational wave (GW)interferometers, whereas amplitude squeezed beams are relatively immune to thephotothermal noise and may represent the best choice for application in GWinterferometers

Photothermal fluctuations as a fundamental limit to low-frequency squeezing in a degenerate optical parametric oscillator