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This paper shall investigate Yuen protocol, so called Y-00, which can realizea randomized stream cipher with high bit rate(Gbps) for long distance(severalhundreds km). The randomized stream cipher with randomization by quantum noisebased on Y-00 is called quantum stream cipher in this paper, and it may havesecurity against known plaintext attacks which has no analog with anyconventional symmetric key ciphers. We present a simple cryptanalysis based onan attacker's heterodyne measurement and the quantum unambiguous measurement tomake clear the strength of Y-00 in real communication. In addition, we give adesign for the implementation of an intensity modulation scheme and report theexperimental demonstration of 1 Gbps quantum stream cipher through 20 km longtransmission line.Comment: This paper will appear in Phys. Rev.

Quantum stream cipher by the Yuen 2000 protocol: Design and experiment by an intensity-modulation scheme