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We report on cw measurements of probe beam absorption and four-wave-mixingspectra in a $^{85}$Rb magneto-optical trap taken while the trap is inoperation. The trapping beams are used as pump light. We concentrate on thecentral feature of the spectra at small pump-probe detuning and attribute itsnarrow resonant structures to the superposition of Raman transitions betweenlight-shifted sublevels of the ground atomic state and to atomic recoilprocesses. These two contributions have different dependencies on trapparameters and we show that the former is inhomogeneously broadened. The strongdependence of the spectra on the probe-beam polarization indicates theexistence of large optical anisotropy of the cold-atom sample, which isattributed to the recoil effects. We point out that the recoil-inducedresonances can be isolated from other contributions, making pump-probespectroscopy a highly sensitive diagnostic tool for atoms in a working MOT.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

Probe spectroscopy in an operating magneto-optical trap: The role of Raman transitions between discrete and continuum atomic states