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We investigate the behavior of relativistic electrons encountering apotential step through analogies with optical phenomena. By accounting for theconservation of Dirac current, we elucidate that the Goos-H\"anchen shift canbe understood as a combination of two components: one arising from the currententering the transmission region and the other originating from theinterference between the incident and reflected beams. This result has beenproven to be consistent with findings obtained utilizing the stationary phasemethod. Moreover, we explore the transverse Imbert-Fedorov shift, by applyingboth current conservation and total angular momentum conservation, revealingintriguing parallel to the spin Hall effect. Beyond enriching our comprehensionof fundamental quantum phenomena, our findings have potential applications fordesigning and characterizing devices using Dirac and topological materials.

Scattering of relativistic electrons and analogies with optical phenomena: A study of longitudinal and transverse shifts at step potentials