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Ionization is one of the most fundamental processes in intense laser-matterinteraction. It is extremely efficient for clusters in laser fields and oftenleads to surprisingly high charge states at moderate laser intensities. Here wereveal a novel ionization mechanism in laser-cluster interaction throughparticle-in-cell simulations. As the laser field ionizes a cluster, Brunelelectrons pushed back into the clustered plasma form an attosecond bunches,impulsively exciting plasma oscillation. The resulting localized wake fieldfurther ionizes the cluster, causing a highly ionized rod-like core along thepolarization axis. This anisotropic ionization is prominent using few-cyclepulses and may be washed out using longer pulses due to collisional ionization.This newly identified ionization channel can potentially provide complicatedsite-specific control of ionization in nanometer-scale targets.

Anisotropic field ionization in nano-clusters mediated by Brunel-electron driven plasma waves