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Exceptional points (EPs) are special singularities of non-HermitianHamiltonians. At an EP, two or more eigenvalues and the correspondingeigenstates coalesce. Recently, EP-based optical gyroscope near an EP wasextensively investigated to improve the response to rotation. However, thehighly resultant dimensionality in the eigenstate space causing from theEP-based system is sensitivity to more external perturbations, that is, thegreat response at EPs requires strict implementation conditions. To solve thisproblem, a new non-Hermitian structure was proposed that realizes anexceptional surface (EP surface) constructed of numerous EPs embedded in ahigh-dimensional parameter space. With respect to the isolated EPs,non-Hermitian EP surface provides additional degrees of freedom to permit theundesired perturbations (such as fabrication errors) shifts along the EPsurface which corresponds to the robustness. On the other hand, the rotationwill force the system away from these EPs obtaining a sensitivity enhancementof three orders of magnitude, compared to the traditional Sagnac effectrotation detecting. The EP surface system has a potential to combine robustnesswith enhanced sensitivity of the rotation.

Exceptional surface-enhanced Rotation Sensing with Robustness in an optical microcavity