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In a combined experimental and theoretical study we investigate the $7dnl$and $8pnl$ ($n\ge 11$, $l=9-12$) doubly-excited planetary states of Sr. Theexperimental spectrum was obtained using a five-photon resonant excitationscheme. The method of configuration interaction with exterior complex scalingwas used to compute the energy-level structure and dynamics of the two highlyexcited electrons from first principles. Good quantitative agreement wasobtained with the spectra we recorded, and the theoretical calculations shedlight on their complex structure and the signatures of electron correlationstherein. The two-electron probability densities we calculated reveal thestrongly-correlated angular motion of the two electrons in the $7dnl$ and$8pnl$ planetary states, and confirm quantitatively the predictions of thefrozen-planet approximation describing electron dynamics as the polarization ofthe fast inner electron by the electric field of the outer "frozen" electron.

Structure and electron dynamics of planetary states of Sr below the Sr$^+$ $7d$ and $8p$ thresholds