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Verification of a quantum advantage in the presence of noise is a key openproblem in the study of near-term quantum devices. In this work, we show how toassess the quality of photonic interference in a linear optical quantum device(boson sampler) by using a maximum likelihood method to measure the strength atwhich various noise sources are present in the experiment. This allows us touse a sparse set of samples to test whether a given boson sampling experimentmeets known upper bounds on the level of noise permissible to demonstrate aquantum advantage. Furthermore, this method allows us monitor the evolution ofnoise in real time, creating a valuable diagnostic tool. Finally, we observethat sources of noise in the experiment compound, meaning that the observedvalue of the mutual photon indistinguishability, which is the main imperfectionin our study, is an effective value taking into account all sources of error inthe experiment.

Sample-efficient benchmarking of multi-photon interference on a boson sampler in the sparse regime