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Rare-earth ion doped crystals have proven to be solid platforms forimplementing quantum memories. Their potential use for integrated photonicswith large multiplexing capability and unprecedented coherence times is at thecore of their attractiveness. The best performances of these ions are howeverusually obtained when subject to a dc magnetic field, but consequences of suchfields on the quantum memory protocols have only received little attention. Inthis article, we focus on the effect of a dc bias magnetic field on thepopulation manipulation of non-Kramers ions with nuclear quadrupole states,both in the spin and optical domains, by developing a simple theoretical model.We apply this model to explain experimental observations in a${}^{151}$Eu:Y$_2$SiO$_5$ crystal, and highlight specific consequences on theAFC spin-wave protocol. The developed analysis should allow to predict optimalmagnetic field configurations for various protocols.

Optical and spin manipulation of non-Kramers rare-earth ions under weak magnetic field for quantum memory applications