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Conventional incoherent imaging based on measuring the spatial intensitydistribution in the image plane faces the resolution hurdle described by theRayleigh diffraction criterion. Here, we demonstrate theoretically using theconcept of the Fisher information that quadrature statistics measured by meansof array homodyne detection enables estimation of the distance between twoincoherent point sources well below the Rayleigh limit for sufficiently highsignal-to-noise ratio. This capability is attributed to the availability ofspatial coherence information between individual detector pixels acquired usingthe coherent detection technique. A simple analytical approximation for theprecision attainable in the sub-Rayleigh region is presented. Furthermore, anestimation algorithm is proposed and applied to Monte Carlo simulated data.

Sub-Rayleigh resolution of two incoherent sources by array homodyning