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We propose to periodically modulate the onsite energy via two-tone drives,which can be furthermore used to engineer artificial gauge potential. As anexample, we show that the fermionic ladder model penetrated with effectivemagnetic flux can be constructed by superconducting flux qubits using suchtwo-tone-drive-engineered artificial gauge potential. In this superconductingsystem, the single-particle ground state can range from vortex phase toMeissner phase due to the competition between the interleg coupling strengthand the effective magnetic flux. We also present the method to experimentallymeasure the chiral currents by the single-particle Rabi oscillations betweenadjacent qubits. In contrast to previous methods of generating artifical gaugepotential, our proposal does not need the aid of auxiliary couplers and inprinciple remains valid only if the qubit circuit maintains enoughanharmonicity. The fermionic ladder model with effective magnetic flux can alsobe interpreted as one-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled model, which thus lay afoundation towards the realization of quantum spin Hall effect.

physical review. a/physical review, a

Vortex-Meissner phase transition induced by two-tone-drive-engineered  artificial gauge potential in the fermionic ladder constructed by  superconducting qubit circuits