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The quest of demonstrating beneficial quantum error correction in near-termnoisy quantum processors can benefit enormously from a low-resourceoptimization of fault-tolerant schemes, which are specially designed for aparticular platform considering both state-of-the-art technologicalcapabilities and main sources of noise. In this work, we show thatflag-qubit-based fault-tolerant techniques for active error detection andcorrection, as well as for encoding of logical qubits, can be leveraged incurrent designs of trapped-ion quantum processors to achieve this break-evenpoint of beneficial quantum error correction. Our improved description of therelevant sources of noise, together with detailed schedules for theimplementation of these flag-based protocols, provide one of the most completemicroscopic characterizations of a fault-tolerant quantum processor to date. Byextensive numerical simulations, we provide a comparative study of flag- andcat-based approaches to quantum error correction, and show that the superiorperformance of the former can become a landmark in the success of near-termquantum computing with noisy trapped-ion devices.

Fault-tolerant protection of near-term trapped-ion topological qubits under realistic noise sources