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When time-reversal symmetry is broken on its surface, topological insulatorsexhibit a magnetoelectric response which is described by axion electrodynamics.A direct consequence of this theory is the appearance of a magnetic field thatresembles the one produced by a magnetic image monopole when a point-likeelectric charge is located near the surface of the material. In this paper weinvestigate the more realistic problem when the point-like charge is replacedby a finite size sphere at constant potential. We calculate the electromagneticfields using the potential formulation in a particular bispherical coordinatesystem. We find that the electromagnetic fields can be interpreted in terms ofpoint electric and image magnetic charges as if the medium were the vacuum. Asa manifestation of the magnetoelectric effect, we highlight the resultingmagnetic field, which we analyze in detail along the symmetry axis, since suchestimates could be useful in evaluating the experimental possibility of itsmeasurement via sensible magnetometers. Our numerical estimates show that theproposed setup provides a magnetic field strength in the range of 10-100 mG,which is attainable with present day sensitivities in NV center-diamondmagnetometers, for example.

Magnetoelectric effect of a conducting sphere near a planar topological insulator