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Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting(ATS) are similar,but different quantum optical phenomena: EIT results from aFano interference, whereas ATS is described by the AC-Stark effect. Likewise,despite their close resemblance, light-storage techniques based on the EITmemory protocol and the recently-proposed ATS memory protocol (E. Saglamyureket al. Nature Photonics 12, 2018) are distinct: the EIT protocol relies onadiabatic elimination of absorption, whereas the ATS protocol is based onabsorption. In this article, we elaborate on the distinction between EIT andATS memory protocols through numerical analysis and experimental demonstrationsin a cold rubidium ensemble. We find that their storage characteristicsmanifest opposite limits of the light-matter interaction due to their inherentadiabatic vs. non-adiabatic nature. Furthermore, we determine optimal memoryconditions for each protocol and analyze ambiguous regimes in the case ofbroadband storage, where non-optimal memory implementations can possesscharacteristics of both EIT and ATS protocols. We anticipate that thisinvestigation will lead to deeper understanding and improved technicaldevelopment of quantum memories, while clarifying distinctions between the EITand ATS protocols.

Discerning quantum memories based on electromagnetically-induced-transparency and Autler-Townes-splitting protocols