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In a practical CVQKD system, the optical attenuator can adjust theGaussian-modulated coherent states and the local oscillator signal to anoptimal value for guaranteeing the security of the system and optimizing theperformance of the system. However, the performance of the optical attenuatormay deteriorate due to the intentional and unintentional damage of the device.In this paper, we investigate the practical security of a CVQKD system withreduced optical attenuation. We find that the secret key rate of the system maybe overestimated based on the investigation of parameter estimation under theeffects of reduced optical attenuation. This opens a security loophole for Eveto successfully perform an intercept-resend attack in a practical CVQKD system.To close this loophole, we add an optical fuse at Alice's output port anddesign a scheme to monitor the level of optical attenuation in real time, whichcan make the secret key rate of the system evaluated precisely. The analysisshows that these countermeasures can effectively resist this potential attack.

Practical security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with reduced optical attenuation