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The p16 INK4A  and p14 ARF  proteins, encoded by the  INK4A-ARF  locus, are key regulators of cellular senescence, yet the mechanisms triggering their up-regulation are not well understood. Here, we show that the ability of the oncogene BMI1 to repress the  INK4A-ARF  locus requires its direct association and is dependent on the continued presence of the EZH2-containing Polycomb-Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) complex. Significantly, EZH2 is down-regulated in stressed and senescing populations of cells, coinciding with decreased levels of associated H3K27me3, displacement of BMI1, and activation of transcription. These results provide a model for how the  INK4A-ARF  locus is activated and how Polycombs contribute to cancer.

The Polycomb group proteins bind throughout the INK4A-ARF locus and are disassociated in senescent cells