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Meiotic recombination requires the action of several gene products in both  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  and  Drosophila melanogaster . Genetic studies in  D. melanogaster  have shown that the  mei-W68  gene is required for all meiotic gene conversion and crossing-over. We cloned  mei-W68  using a new genetic mapping method in which P elements are used to promote crossing-over at their insertion sites. This resulted in the high-resolution mapping of  mei-W68  to a &lt;18-kb region that contains a homolog of the  S. cerevisiae spo11  gene. Molecular analysis of several mutants confirmed that  mei-W68  encodes an spo11  homolog. Spo11 and MEI-W68 are members of a family of proteins similar to a novel type II topoisomerase. On the basis of this and other lines of evidence, Spo11 has been proposed to be the enzymatic activity that creates the double-strand breaks needed to initiate meiotic recombination. This raises the possibility that recombination in  Drosophila  is also initiated by double-strand breaks. Although these homologous genes are required absolutely for recombination in both species, their roles differ in other respects. In contrast to  spo11, mei-W68  is not required for synaptonemal complex formation and does have a mitotic role.

genes and development

<i>mei-W68</i> in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> encodes a Spo11 homolog: evidence that the mechanism for initiating meiotic recombination is conserved

mei-W68 in Drosophila melanogaster encodes a Spo11 homolog: evidence that the mechanism for initiating meiotic recombination is conserved